[Sep-2021] Dumps Brief Outline Of The BPS-Pharmacotherapy Exam - TestPassKing
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NEW QUESTION 95
A drug use evaluation (DUE) of an institution's ACLS medication administration records yields the following data:
* Rate of amiodarone use in patients with asystole = 30%
* Rate of amiodarone use in patients with ventricular fibrillation = 90%
* Rate of epinephrine use in patients with pulseless electrical activity (PEA) = 98%
* Rate of vasopressin use in patients with pulseless ventricular tachycardia = 50% Which of the following treatments should be targeted for intervention?
- A. Pulseless electrical activity
- B. Ventricular fibrillation
- C. Asystole
- D. Pulseless ventricular tachycardia
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 96
A 58-year-old woman presents to the emergency department of a small rural hospital with recurrent chest pain that is unrelieved by three sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Initial evaluation of her ECG and cardiac enzymes are consistent with non-STEMI. The woman is admitted for observation and given aspirin. Which of the following should be added to this patient's regimen to reduce her risk of death, MI, and recurrent ischemia?
- A. Intravenous t-PA
- B. Oral warfarin
- C. Subcutaneous heparin
- D. Subcutaneous enoxaparin
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 97
A 78-year-old woman presents to the outpatient clinic for workup for depression. Medical history includes hypertension, simple partial seizures, and osteoporosis. The patient reports a
6.8 kg non-intentional weight loss over the past month. Home medications include lisinopril, hydrochlorothiazide, carbamazepine, and alendronate. The patient has been diagnosed with severe depression. Which antidepressant should be recommended for this patient?
- A. Nortriptyline 25 mg daily
- B. Mirtazapine 15 mg daily
- C. Escitalopram 20 mg daily
- D. Bupropion XL 150 mg daily
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 98
A patient is started on ledipasvir-sofosbuvir. What would be the best indicator of treatment response?
- A. HCV RNA below the lower limit of quantification
- B. ALT less than three times the upper limit of normal
- C. Absence of alpha-fetoprotein
- D. Absence of cryoglobulinemia
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 99
A pharmacotherapy specialist in a managed-care organization is about to review a new drug for the treatment of osteoporosis. The P&T committee will use the results in deciding whether to add the new drug to the formulary. Which of the following information would be most helpful?
- A. The annual cost of the new drug for the organization's population of patients with osteoporosis would be $2.7 million
- B. The new drug is associated with a 32% reduction in the fracture rate.
- C. With the new drug, the number of patients needed to treat for the prevention of one fracture is 25.
- D. The new drug will cost $15600 more than the current formulary drug to prevent one fracture.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 100
Which of the following sources is most likely to publish the current recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention regarding the use of recombinant hepatitis B Vaccine?
- A. Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics
- B. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
- C. Journal of Hepatology
- D. Clinical Infectious Diseases
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 101
A pharmacotherapy specialist is interpreting a published paper describing a randomized controlled, double-bling study that was conducted to evaluate the effects of antihistamines on the failure rate of treatment of otitis media in children. In the study, 250 children received antihistamines and 264 did not. All children received appropriate antibiotic therapy. Treatment failures occurred in four (1.6%) of the children who received antihistamines and in 13 (4.9%) of those who did not. The difference is statistically significant (p<0.05, chi-square). Which of the following statements about these result is appropriate?
- A. Knowledge of the rate and severity of adverse event in the study is needed to allow a therapeutic decision.
- B. The sample size is inadequate to allow clinical conclusions.
- C. Antihistamines should be administered to all children with otitis media who meet study entry criteria.
- D. Chi-square is not the appropriate statistical test.
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 102
The Joint Commission requires accredited organizations to encourage which groups to report concerns about safety?
- A. Local specific disease support groups
- B. Medical students rotating through organizations
- C. National special interest groups
- D. Patients and families
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 103
Two antihypertensive regimens have been compared in 50 patients with mild hypertension.
Treatment A decreased mean diastolic blood pressure to 81 mm Hg, and Treatment B decreased it to 85mm Hg (p = 0.08, a priori critical a = 0.05). The most reasonable interpretation of these results is that the difference between treatments is:
- A. Clinically but not statistically significant.
- B. Statistically and clinically significant.
- C. Neither statistically nor clinically significant.
- D. Statistically but not clinically significant.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 104
Many clinically important adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are detected after the marketing of a drug, rather than during premarketing clinical trials. Of the following, which is the primary reason for this phenomenon?
- A. Too few patients are studied for too short a period of time during premarketing clinical trials.
- B. Pharmaceutical companies prefer to market agents with favorable side-effect profiles, so they focus premarketing studies on efficacy rather than on ADRs.
- C. Adverse reactions that are due to drug interactions or drug accumulation in renal insufficiency cannot be studied prospectively during the premarketing phase of clinical evaluation.
- D. Premarketing studies focus on efficacy rather than on safety; therefore, the study design accounts for the failure to detect ADRs.
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 105
A 35-year-old Woman is diagnosed with pustular psoriasis, which covers 35% of her body. She has tried high-potency topical steroid creams and topical coal tar with ultraviolet B treatments in the past, with no effect. Which of the following is the best therapeutic option for this patient?
- A. Calcipotriene
- B. Methotrexate
- C. Halobetasol
- D. Anthralin
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 106
A 59-year-old patient who is HIV-positive is receiving darunavir and ritonavir as part of a highly active antiretroviral therapy program. Which herbal supplement is contraindicated for this patient because it would decrease darunavir concentrations?
- A. Kava kava
- B. Saw palmetto
- C. Echinacea
- D. St. John's wort
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 107
A 76-year-old man has his first visit with a pharmacotherapy specialist for the management of his anticoagulation. The patient states that he started warfarin last week as instructed by his physician. He is able to explain the reason that he was started on anticoagulation therapy.
During the interview, some of the specialist's questions go unanswered or are answered inappropriately. For example, when asked if he has had any bleeding, the patient states that his breathing is fine.
Which will most likely be a barrier to the effective education of this patient?
- A. Ability to afford medication
- B. Cultural differences
- C. Hearing impairment
- D. Lack of readiness to change
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 108
Upon reviewing a clinical trial submission for publication, it is discovered that the authors have asked a medical Writer to help develop the manuscript after the data have been collected and analyzed by the authors. The medical Writer developed the manuscript, and the authors reviewed and edited the document before submitting it for publication. What is the most appropriate action for the authors to take?
- A. List the medical Writer as an author.
- B. Name the medical Writer in the acknowledgements section.
- C. The article should not be published.
- D. Do not identify the medical Writer.
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 109
Which of the following is an advantage of a crossover-design clinical trial?
- A. No period effect
- B. Smaller sample size needed
- C. No randomization needed
- D. No carryover effect
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 110
A pharmacotherapy specialist is the anticoagulation clinic manager at a for-profit institution.
One of the internal medicine physicians in this institution is interested in submitting a research grant application to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to study the effectiveness of low- intensity warfarin therapy on prevention of recurrent venous thromboembolism in patients.
This was the subject of the PREVENT trial.
With regard to the grant application, the pharmacotherapy specialist should inform the physician about which of the following restrictions?
- A. The NIH funds only novel research.
- B. The NIH funds only studies involving drugs that have not yet been FDA-approved.
- C. The NIH provides grants only to nonprofit organizations.
- D. NIH-funded research can take place only on the campus.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 111
The most efficient approach for comparing the efficacy of treatments for BPH is to search which of the following?
- A. Lexicomp's Drug information Handbook
- B. Cochrane Systematic Reviews
- C. MEDLINE for clinical trials
- D. Drug Facts & Comparisons
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION 112
A 47-year-old patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus reports severe painful burning and tingling in the lower extremities. The patient has been taking ibuprofen and using topical capsaicin without relief. Which recommendation is the most appropriate therapy for this patient's peripheral neuropathy?
- A. Sertraline
- B. Tramadol
- C. Lamotrigine
- D. Amitriptyline
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION 113
A 13-year-old boy who has asthma, weight 32kg, height 150cm, takes inhaled salmeterol one puff twice daily and inhaled fluticasone 2 puffs twice daily. The patient must stop participation in physical education classes after a few minutes due to shortness of breath. To allow the patient to participate longer, the most effective measure would be to add which of the following?
- A. Inhaled albuterol 15 minutes before class
- B. Inhaled cromolyn 30-60 minutes prior to class
- C. An extra dose of inhaled fluticasone 1-2 hours before class
- D. An extra dose of inhaled salmeterol 30-60 minutes before class
Answer: A
NEW QUESTION 114
A 58-year-old man recently diagnosed with chronic stable angina has discontinued metoprolol due to erectile dysfunction. Medical history also includes hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient's current medications include aspirin, lisinopril, metformin, and sublingual nitroglycerin as needed. BP is 128/76 mm Hg, and HR 88 bpm.
Which of the following is the most appropriate choice to manage the patient's stable angina symptoms?
- A. Amlodipine
- B. Diltiazem CD
- C. Atenolol
- D. Vardenafil
Answer: B
NEW QUESTION 115
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